Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin required for the function and development of many parts of the body, including the brain, nerves, and blood cells. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause low red blood cell count(anemia), permanent nerve damage as well as gastrointestinal problems. Cyanocobalamin is the most common type used in supplements.
People commonly use vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency and cyanide poisoning. It is also used for canker sores, cataracts, Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, fatigue, and many other conditions.

• Appearance: Red to dark red crystals or powder
  
• Solubility: Sparingly soluble in water and in ethanol (96 per cent)
  
• Stability: Hygroscopic. Keep cold and dry.